It is possible to test the state of charge of a lead acid battery (or battery bank) with a multimeter simply by measuring the voltage however this is not always an accurate indicator.More accuracy is provided by measuring the specific gravity of the electrolyte in the battery (assuming that the battery is not of the sealed type)..

j Now a days some of the batteries are manufactured with a complete sealed, we won't find any opening cap to pour the distilled water to maintain specific gravity.

Table 2 provides the BCI …

If a cell is still faulty, it probably has been damaged by sulfation. Explain the maintenance of lead acid battery. Single-cell open circuit voltage = specific gravity + 0.845. If you’re testing an automobile battery, take the vehicle for a 20+ minute drive, then shut off the engine for 4 hours.For other types of lead acid batteries, charge them all the way before letting them rest for 4 hours. Specific Gravity Tester with Downloading Capabilities for Lead Acid or Nickel Cadmium (Ni-Cd) Batteries. The specific gravity of pure sulfuric acid is about 1.84 and this pure acid is diluted by distilled water until the specific gravity of the solution becomes 1.2 to 1.23.

You can measure the specific gravity using a hydrometer if you have flooded lead acid batteries, ones with caps on top that you can remove to get at the liquid (electrolyte) inside. The cause, low specific gravity of the electrolyte, converts lead and sulfuric acid into hard, lead … A. charged state. When taking specific gravity measurements, it is important to correct for temperature. A lead-acid battery cell is fully charged with a specific gravity of 1.265 at 80° F. For temperature adjustments, get a specific gravity reading and adjust to temperature by adding .004 for every 10° F above 80° F and subtracting .004 for every 10° F below 80° F.
As mentioned earlier, specific gravity measurements cannot be taken on sealed lead-acid batteries.

Sulfation occurs when soft lead sulfate, which is a combination of lead and sulfur, cystalizes into hard lead sulphate. Then look up the specific gravity in the following table to find the Depth of Discharge (DOD) of the battery's cell that you took the electrolyte from.
B. discharged state. When the specific gravity of the electrolyte of a lead-acid cell is reduced to 1.1 to 1.15 the cell is in. Measurement of the cell open-circuit voltage has been … A lead acid battery hydrometer is a special type of hydrometer which looks like a syringe with a bulb. See the table below: The above table shows the actual hydrometer readings of acid at a specific gravity of 1.265 @ 25 ºC (77ºF). Recharge the battery and test it again.

As the SoC decreases through discharge, the sulfuric acid removes itself from the electrolyte and binds to the plate, forming lead sulfate. Inside the bulb there is a float which is calibrated for measuring the Specific Gravity (SG).


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