1. Spalling of concrete / … Any types of concrete having a density less than 1920 Kg/m 3 is classed as lightweight concrete. Warm the subgrade before placing concrete on it during cold weather. layer of compactible, drainable fill (not sand). Any concrete defects research will tell you there are many factors that contribute to problems such as de-lamination, crazing, efflorescence, and spalling. Unless the circumstances have changed, owners may carry out repair as necessary. Repair and Maintenance of Building Defects; Type of Defect Actions Required; Non-structural cracks: Building owners should keep in view the conditions of the defects. Types of surface defects occurs in concrete at construction project Surface defects in concrete can occur due to ineffective consolidation and negligence at site in concreting activity. 5 Concrete Structure Defects [Causes & Prevention & Repair](PDF DOWNLOAD) 1.
Regular concrete can typically withstand a pressure from about 10 MPa (1450 psi) to 40 MPa (5800 psi), with lighter duty uses such as blinding concrete having a much lower MPa rating than structural concrete. Use a 100-mm (4-in.)

The examples are cracking, corrosion of reinforcement bar, concrete spalling, honeycombing, scaling, delamination and popouts. Concrete Slab Surface Defects: Causes, Prevention, Repair. Honeycomb is mainly manifested by local loosening of concrete, less mortar, more gravel, and voids between gravel, forming honeycomb-like holes. Various types of aggregates that are used in the manufacturing of lightweight concrete include natural materials like pumice and scoria , artificial materials like expanded shales and clays and processed materials like perlite and vermiculite . But material limitations, design and construction practices, and severe exposure conditions can cause concrete to deteriorate, which may result in aesthetic, functional, or structural problems. Below i have listed some of the defects which generally occurs at any construction project. Types and Causes of Concrete Deterioration The exceptional durability of portland cement concrete is a major reason why it is the world’s most widely used construction material. The followings are the common types of defects that we usually meet. 11 Types of defects and degradation There are so many types of concrete degradation and defects, from a minor cracking to a major structural failure. A well-trained construction crew can prevent most of these defect types with skill and careful attention to detail. Honeycomb.
Many types of pre-mixed concrete are available which include powdered cement mixed with an aggregate, needing only water.

Avoid placing a slab directly on polyethylene film or other vapor barriers. 3. 4.


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